IANA root servers

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https://www.iana.org/domains/root/servers

Root Servers

The authoritative name servers that serve the DNS root zone, commonly known as the “root servers”, are a network of hundreds of servers in many countries around the world. They are configured in the DNS root zone as 13 named authorities, as follows.

List of Root Servers

HOSTNAMEIP ADDRESSESMANAGER
a.root-servers.net198.41.0.4, 2001:503:ba3e::2:30VeriSign, Inc.
b.root-servers.net199.9.14.201, 2001:500:200::bUniversity of Southern California (ISI)
c.root-servers.net192.33.4.12, 2001:500:2::cCogent Communications
d.root-servers.net199.7.91.13, 2001:500:2d::dUniversity of Maryland
e.root-servers.net192.203.230.10, 2001:500:a8::eNASA (Ames Research Center)
f.root-servers.net192.5.5.241, 2001:500:2f::fInternet Systems Consortium, Inc.
g.root-servers.net192.112.36.4, 2001:500:12::d0dUS Department of Defense (NIC)
h.root-servers.net198.97.190.53, 2001:500:1::53US Army (Research Lab)
i.root-servers.net192.36.148.17, 2001:7fe::53Netnod
j.root-servers.net192.58.128.30, 2001:503:c27::2:30VeriSign, Inc.
k.root-servers.net193.0.14.129, 2001:7fd::1RIPE NCC
l.root-servers.net199.7.83.42, 2001:500:9f::42ICANN
m.root-servers.net202.12.27.33, 2001:dc3::35WIDE Project

Configuring the Root Servers

Operators who manage a DNS recursive resolver typically need to configure a “root hints file”. This file contains the names and IP addresses of the root servers, so the software can bootstrap the DNS resolution process. For many pieces of software, this list comes built into the software.

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